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Green Building Bible, Fourth Edition
Green Building Bible, fourth edition (both books)
These two books are the perfect starting place to help you get to grips with one of the most vitally important aspects of our society - our homes and living environment.

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  1.  
    From http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2015/04/16/3644889/woody-biomass-is-thicket-of-trouble/

    In late March, a loosely affiliated coalition of southerners gathered outside of the British Consulate in Atlanta, Georgia with an unusual concern: wood pellets. The group, primarily made up of outdoors enthusiasts and conservationists, had traveled from multiple states to British Consul General Jeremy Pilmore-Bedford’s doorstep. Chief on their minds was the rapidly increasing use of the pellets, a form of woody biomass harvested from forests throughout the southeastern U.S. and burned for renewable electricity in Europe. According to the group, what started as a minor section of Europe’s renewable energy law has now burgeoned into a major climate and environmental headache.

    In order for wood pellets to burn “carbon free” the carbon emitted into the atmosphere must be recaptured by regenerated forests, which take several decades to grow. If these emissions aren’t offset, then burning wood pellets releases as much or more carbon dioxide per unit of energy than coal. A 2013 study published in Environmental Research Letters broke down the biomass lifecycle according to GHG emissions. It found that while the actual pellet production accounts for nearly half of the emissions, shipping the pellets across the Atlantic Ocean is a close second, making up around 31 percent of the total GHG footprint of the process. The actual burning of the pellets accounted for about 10 percent of the overall emissions.

    Etc.

    Paul in Montreal
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    We know, or at least the more active green wing aware people do.

    http://www.biofuelwatch.org.uk

    I thought it was going to be about trashing air quality.
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    It's an outrage of bad science, which happened to suit politicians at the time i.e. 'do something' without danger of public pain (except in SE US forest regions) or media scorn.
    • CommentAuthorSeret
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    Not so much science, it's a business decision. The folks running big dirty coal plants needed a way to shoehorn their product into the new shiny carbon-averse world.

    To be fair, shutting them overnight would have been too disruptive and importing biomass is unlikely to be worse than just burning coal. The risk is that the interim solution then becomes "business as usual".
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    But burning biomas sis much worse than burning coal! Other countries get a down side, we get more traffic on more roads, we get more airborne pollution. We have to pay for it all.

    Tell me the good bit
    • CommentAuthorSeret
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    Posted By: tonyBut burning biomas sis much worse than burning coal! Other countries get a down side, we get more traffic on more roads, we get more airborne pollution. We have to pay for it all.

    Tell me the good bit


    All of the above applies to coal too, Tony, plus it's carbon taken out of geological sequestration, which is always worse than using carbon that's already in the cycle.

    There have been lots of attempts at nailing down all the external impact of various fuel cycles, and they vary somewhat in the actual figures produced, but all agree that coal is the worst of the bunch.
  2.  
    Posted By: SeretThere have been lots of attempts at nailing down all the external impact of various fuel cycles, and they vary somewhat in the actual figures produced, but all agree that coal is the worst of the bunch.


    The wood pellets appear to be worse than coal, here, due to CO2 emitted in processing and transport (though coal does suffer that latter effect as well). Plus the biomass has taken years ot accumulate and will not be replenished at the rate it is removed - same for coal, really, as that was originally biomass.

    Paul in Montreal.
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    I see the pollution as far worse for biomass than for coal and there is more and more of it being used.

    I would much rather reduce our use

    I once asked is all CO2 equal or is some more equal than others? still asking that one.
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    CO2 is a very primitive measure of pollution. Not so long ago no one took any notice of pollution; then a focus arose on CO2 and slightly on other greenhouse gasses; now we need to realise there's much more to eco-disastrous pollution than just greenhouse gasses, which are just the tip of a much bigger iceberg (if anyone remembers those).

    So biofuel may still claim to be GG-neutral (now well disproven, taking the above things into account) but its worst aspect is the plethora of other kinds of pollution it generates.
    • CommentAuthorSeret
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2015
     
    Posted By: tonyI see the pollution as far worse for biomass than for coal


    I know you don't like biomass on principle, but you should do yourself a favour and look at the actual numbers. Even the sources linked to in the OP (such as this: https://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/9/2/024007/article) show carbon emissions at least 50% lower when burning biomass compared to coal.

    There are some reasonable grounds to oppose large-scale burning of imported biomass in UK coal plants, but the relative GWP of biomass to coal isn't one of them.
    • CommentAuthorTriassic
    • CommentTimeApr 22nd 2015
     
    A new power station near me has just come on line and will burn 480,000 tonnes of refuse, bin waste, from Manchester. What a great idea, and it reduces landfill, can't get greener than that!
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeApr 22nd 2015
     
    yes you can!

    dont waste it in the first place

    reuse it

    recycle it

    then as a last resort if you must burn it dont do it upwind of me.
    •  
      CommentAuthorSteamyTea
    • CommentTimeApr 22nd 2015
     
    One of the problems of reuse and recycle is that the rubbish is often in the wrong place or is the wrong type, so has to be transported and modified. This often attaches a extra amount of energy to the waste that makes it both economical and environmentally worse than burning it. This annoys the hell out of me, but is the way it is.
    Energy from Waste, though not my favourite technology, does have a place. Isle of Thanet may be popular at the moment, let's put an incinerator there.:wink:
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 22nd 2015 edited
     
    Posted By: TriassicA new power station near me has just come on line and will burn 480,000 tonnes of refuse, bin waste, from Manchester. What a great idea, and it reduces landfill, can't get greener than that!
    Posted By: tonydont waste it in the first place

    reuse it

    recycle it

    then as a last resort if you must burn it
    Waste (which means largely plastic hydrocarbon) is a much too precious resource to be incinerated. It should be stockpiled aka landfill until such time as virgin feedstock becomes scarce/expensive/unreliable enough to make quarrying the stockpile economic.

    Present-day 'recycling' means taking the well-degraded waste and making it into something even more thermally degraded - like dumb massive decking planks - a far cry from the high-spec engineering plastics made from virgin feedstock.

    To be useful in future as all-purpose substitute feedstock as the virgin supply dwindles, large energy input will be needed one way or another to break the complexifying chemical bonds which have locked the stuff into exothermically-exhausted state, and to restore it to pure high grade raw material for re-use.

    That energy input obviously can't come from power stations etc or even from renewable generation (or from burning waste!), when the parallel imperative is to reduce global energy demand by 80%. It must come direct from the sun, via direct biological processing of the waste i.e. outside of the energy-as-commodity system. Large scale capture/use of the negative entropy, whose importation is perhaps the most fundamental characteristic of Life, aka dumping out into the cosmos of the positive entropy that life's activities (and even a routine lifeless planet) create.

    In future we'll be saving every scrap of the material that's already circulating in 'the system', separating it by techniques that are already well under development and in use (led by the Aus mining industry I understand) right down to little bits of rare-earth/elements, inputting the necessary energy by biological means, so that drilling, quarrying and mining of the earth's virgin stores can be much reduced. The latter not just because of growing scarcity, but because of the pollution and devastation it involves.

    It'll soon become a life-or-death priority, a race, to assist the planet to clear up the mess we've made, and to absolutely stop making more mess. The planet can do it unaided on a timescale of 10k or 100k years; we as a human race (and other life on earth) need it to happen on a timescale of 100s and 1k years.

    So every thing we do, from nano-things and handheld products, through houses and cities to mega-infrastructure projects, must be designed to actively assist the planet (nature) in the clear-up, not merely to shave a few %age points off the rate of continuing accumulating damage (which is what 'sustainabilituy' has been perverted to mean at present).
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