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Green Building Bible, Fourth Edition
Green Building Bible, fourth edition (both books)
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    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeMar 3rd 2008
     
    There seems to be an increasing emphasis on the burning of biomass. Is this a sensible way to bearing in mind that it causes pollution, nuisance and smoke?

    This is a repeat as the original thread was "lost".
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeMar 3rd 2008
     
    Yes and no!

    This is a repeat of the remainder of the original thread.:boogie:
  1.  
    Can we get the comments of the previous thread back anyhow?
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeMar 3rd 2008
     
    OK, I'll stop being naughty.

    I feel strongly that biomass will both need to be and should be part of the mix of energy sources in the green pallete. Biomass is greenhouse neutral and if burned in suitable plant/stoves at low moisture content is more of less smoke and nuisance free.

    S.
  2.  
    Quite right Skywalker, as usual it boils down to our old friend common sense.

    Biomass is not an answer, just a contribution in the right circumstance, bought locally burnt on efficient ap[pliances when dry etc etc.

    No smoke from my 2 flues after a few minutes= no nuisanace no complaints in 3 years. My neighbours coal fire however,stinky!
    •  
      CommentAuthorJustin
    • CommentTimeMar 3rd 2008
     
    I don't know what happend to the previous thread, I hope it wasn't related to my previous sombre posting!

    I'd say do take care.

    I have neighbours who have had called out environmental health, and have threatened court action.

    So far the envoronmental health "official noses" have smelt nothing on the occasions they have been called in, but that (seemingly) doesn't prevent me from being taking me to court!
  3.  
    Okay, I dont know much about Biomass at all - but some thoughts. If rolled out in a big way, to the masses at home say. Can we expect the average Jo to follow all of the guidelines regarding what is and is not burnt? whether it is wet or dry etc?. Also because we cannot see anything coming out of the chimney does that mean there is nothing harmful there?
  4.  
    Here pellet fires are encouraged and wood burners not so much (strict guide lines in area that suffer poor winter air quality during winter through lack of wind), pellets are dry and burnt in controlled appliances. Log burners rely on common sense (burning dry seasoned wood) so in urban areas are being banned!
    General public and common sense are usually mutually exclusive!
  5.  
    Go to any village in England and nearly everyone has either an open fire or a stove of some kind. No-one complains about pollution. There is no problem with burning wood in rural areas and that is where the wood is. So given that supplies are not limitless (because of land use constraints) that is where is should be burnt. Also in CHP plants in market towns (or places near to sources of biomass).

    Forget about trucking biomass into CHP plants in cites or delivering logs and pellets to city dwellers. There won't be enough (and so there would never be a pollution issue anyway) and they would be better making use of the mains gas or electricity supply which don't need trucks for delivery (lots of villages don't have mains gas and don't have this option). As I said on the other thread, I don't like to see badly insulated, drafty cottages with massive wood piles outside and the owners smugly declaring they are carbon neutral. With any resource which is for practical purposes limited, wasteful consumption denies others to opportunity to use the resource.
  6.  
    Sorry everyone, but I have to spoil the party as I have on other similar threads. Burning vegetable matter (inc tobacco) produces highly toxic pollutants, and is carcinogenic. This is separate issue from 'smoke' and 'smell' pollution. Highly scientific combustion can greatly reduce the risk, but this is inherently limited and unreliable on a domestic scale, with the added handicap of variable fuel specification.
    I burn wood to some extent on my own rural fire. I do so with some misgivings and frankly console myself that as there is no other house within half a mile, maybe I am not harming anyone but my own family. In reality, those pollutants end up somewhere and harming someone.
    I have no doubt if massive woodburning plants were being used in populated areas
    for commercial use their would be a local uprising. The sad truth is that we humans always find excuses for our own indulgences whilst condemning others.
    • CommentAuthorPeter A
    • CommentTimeMar 4th 2008
     
    Hi, recently caught a cold with a scheme in London where the biomass gasification pellet burning boiler wasn't on the Clean Air Act exempted appliances list, the EHO slapped a stop notice on it stating that it's all Ken's fault and he's not having smokey biomass in his bourough!
    The boiler in question goes for exemption in April, having looked at the other boilers on the list some are over 25years old and pretty smokey to boot, so not overly concerned that it won't get exemption.
    Does anybody know much about the clean air act, as far as I can see it seems to be just a case of what you can see coming out of the chimney, there must be something more to it than that?
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeMar 4th 2008
     
    As I understood it -- no burning of anything but smokeless fuel in large towns and cities.

    Of late it seems to have fallen by the way side and is rarely enforced.
  7.  
    Funcrusher, if you say that burning wood produces dangerous carcinogens then I'm not going to argue with you. What I would say is that the risk involved with respect to human health (in the context of limited use in villages and less densely populated areas) must be very small, so long as you have proper flues which clear the roof tops etc. People say that nuclear power produces dangerous carcinogens, and I don't argue with them either, but the again the risk to human health is vanishingly small (even less than burning wood I should think).

    To put all this in context, I heard on the news the other night that 6000 odd people last year went into hospital in the UK and never came out due to contracting C. difficile in filthy wards. I would argue it would be safer from a health point of view, and cheaper, for people to burn a bit of wood on an efficient stove and take out private health insurance than fork out for a GSHP.
  8.  
    Chris, I've generally found your views very sound, but not really on this issue. Wood-smoke is a killer. I am against the popular hysteria that clamours for an end to all risks in life, as I believe that common sense perspective and judgement is needed. But the idea that wood-burning is healthy and virtuous is wrong, attractive and warming tho it is. Like pipe-smoking, it has a quaint wiff of nolstalgia and causes merely slight menace when practised by a few eccentrics - but once widespread will prove a major public health hazard.

    Incidentally, some NGOs have highlighted this in the context of women cooking on wood fires in poor countries.
  9.  
    I never said burning wood was healthy, I just don't believe that burning seasoned wood using efficient appliances with proper flues in areas of lowish population density (i.e. farms, village, small towns) will ever cause any measurable health problems.

    Burning dung and firewood in mud huts with no flues, now that is a different matter. I've no doubt that shaves a good few years of the occupant's lifespan. Likewise, any great increase in wood burning in cities and large towns is bound to cause some health problems and should not be allowed (we have smoke controlled zones to prevent this and I think they should be enforced).

    Fears about widespread burning of wood are unfounded in any case because we don't have the resource. This isn't Canada or Sweden. The price of firewood will be rocketing up with all other fuels over the next few years. We started burning coal because we had felled most of the forests and I don't see that much replanting has taken place since. We can increase supply by better management of what we have and as long as it is used sensibly close to where it is cut I don't see it becoming a problem.
  10.  
    The EPA emissions standard for "low emissions" wood stoves is something like 3.8 g/hour of hydrocarbons. If 500,000 people had such stoves in an urban area, that would be 1.9 tonnes per hour of emissions. To put this into context, this is equivalent to about 96,000 vehicles on the road driving at an average of 30km/h. Doesn't sound too environmentally friendly to me. Of course, I doubt many of the woodburning appliances sold in the UK are anywhere near EPA "low emissions" standards.

    We get winter smog in Montreal now due to the popularity of wood burning. It's quaint in a rural setting but nasty in urban areas and is responsible for many deaths per year (smog in general that is).

    Paul in Montreal.
    • CommentAuthorGBP-Keith
    • CommentTimeMar 4th 2008
     
    Sorry folks, the previous thread got corrupted and had to be deleted. Who was the last to post onto it?
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeMar 4th 2008
     
    Could be me. What penance can I offer?
  11.  
    As with many things in life we are saying ok in moderation.

    Chris you are right price of firewood is going up, unfortunately people dont buy responsibly, "kiln dried" firewood I see advertised is ridiculous it uses energy to dry it they then offer nationwide delivery at enormous cost? Buy local at the right time of year,save a fortune, season yourself and get some excercise to boot!
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeMar 6th 2008
     
    So can we conclude then that wood burning is only allowed for greenies? Or only for some of the people some of the time?

    Or even how about the British isles a smoke free zone :wink:
  12.  
    Would be nice but not practical methinks. A mix of all fules is needed unless we have much less people in the British Isles?? That debate is for an entirely different forum perhaps.
  13.  
    If every house in the UK was super insulated, airtight-ventilate-right etc, solar HW on the roof, passive solar design...

    ...with

    a) a woodburner for coldest winter heating backup
    b) a woodburner for coldest winter heating backup + DHW
    b) a pellet boiler for coldest winter heating backup + DHW

    would that actually be a problem in terms of particulate pollution etc / wood supply...?

    any ideas...?


    J
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeMar 8th 2008
     
    Yes if everyone was to burn wood at the same time there would be big problems especially in towns and cities would go back to having smogs.

    Everyone in the UK will not be super-insulated as this policy crazily only applies to some new properties.
  14.  
    The question really was is there a 'safe' lower amount of wood burnt emissions...?
    • CommentAuthorhowdytom
    • CommentTimeMar 8th 2008
     
    Perhaps large scale charcoal production with facilities to capture all the nasties would work for urban environments, along with passive house standards and a decrease of population, we might just survive
    tom
  15.  
    Electric heating (heat pumps) for urban areas and wood for rural. There was an interesting article in Clean Slate on heat pumps which explained how you could get twice the heat out per unit of primary fuel (gas in this case but could be biomass) by:-

    1 burning the fuel in a CHP plant (40% electric, 40% recovered heat, 20% lost)
    2 distributing the heat produced in a district heating scheme (uses the 40%)
    3 using the electric to power heat pumps to heat other homes at COP4 (recover 120% from the ground plus the 40% electric input)

    That makes 200%, right? So double (at least) what you get from buring the primary fuel in a boiler of wood burner.

    If we have biomass available to use in urban heating (and I doubt that there will me much) that perhaps this is the way to do it. Might be able to devise a way to capture the CO2 from the CHP plants as well, making it carbon negative.
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