Home  5  Books  5  Magazines  5  News  5  GreenPro  5  HelpDesk  5  Your Cart  5  Register  5  Green Living Forum
Not signed in (Sign In)

Categories



 



Vanilla 1.0.3 is a product of Lussumo. More Information: Documentation, Community Support.

Welcome to new Forum Visitors
Join the forum now and benefit from discussions with thousands of other green building fans and discounts on Green Building Press publications: Apply now.




  1.  
    Brian

    I think you response regarding "wild statements" should have been directed at me not Gavin.

    Your quoted reference

    http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201012/cmselect/cmenvaud/writev/air/m01.htm

    This is not a government report but a bias article written by Calor Gas who have been hit hard by sales of biomass boilers in rural areas replacing there Calor Gas boilers.

    A lot of the "facts" are incorrect for example.As a wood pellet manufacturer who dries all his timber using solar kilns down to a moisture content of 12% why would I increase my costs by 20% to artificially dry my timber.
    Similarly if I need to transport 6000 tonnes of wood pellets from Scotland to my biomass plant in Liverpool why would I use 300 20 tonne wagons when 1 coaster will do the same job.

    I think you need to be a bit more critical of the "evidence" you use as obvious bias really needs to be avoided
  2.  
    John- Reference report, I am aware of Calor vested interest but as you are aware my concern is health impact of PM, are you saying biomass burning is cleaner than calor gas?
    Apologies to Gavin for heading with his name am currently relying on broadband dongle for comms and it drops signal at random. The particular post thew up big post error so had to quickly edit on line with noted unfortunate result. I am sure Gavin will forgive!!, .
    Everyone is biased John mine is need for clean air in UK, all current evidence points towards incompetent energy decisions causing degradation of air quality resulting in many avoidable deaths my question, why travel this road when cleaner alternatives are available?.
  3.  
    S.T.- SRC yield varies greatly 7-18 t odt /ha quoted but generally 10t appears to be accepted UK figure. Minimum 600mm summer rainfall required to maximise yield so extensive irrigation would be needed in large parts of UK.

    http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:6zWGtnUW030J:www.ruralgeneration.com/BEST%2520PRACTICE%2520GUIDE.pdf+willow+yield+per+hectare&hl=en&gl=uk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShG_djlxyeTId8Ewmsq3uOh0DSKZu5ibPBChRfldgBxU6W9ymq925vUgADNDSX1RTaf0msTI9Pg9z9No2BS68KtIvp6ueJCA-5F1ghXTxeC32wOtuGDnUYXvjkWAixcvPfZ4TBy&sig=AHIEtbT39v3QfS1dcak8Okue1X2RCvTiIg

    This link may help as it also covers efficiency the anticipated 25-30% my findings of 15-34% , the higher figure is efficiency predicted by operator the lower figure actual operating data ,the figure in Gov renewables report is 27% so take your pick but all indicate massive energy waste unless good quality CHP incorporated.
    Point to note Green willow is 50% plus water so operators tend to quote odt( oven dried timber) although this is unrealistic Energy content varies considerably with moisture content.
    Have seen Gov data detailing 500ha/MW capacity and , 10-15000 t/MW feedstock needs for large power plants, one operator 1400,000 t need for 300MW but another stating 2,400,000 for 300MW . Stevens Croft details 480,000 t requirement for 44MW output.
    Enjoy your research biomass spin is a minefield.
  4.  
    Brian

    I dont understand where the figure of 22 hours comes from.

    Just to explain the statement of ramping at 5% per minute.

    A typical 250MW plant such as Buggenum can operate quite happily at 50% of its output so 125MW when extra power is needed it can increase supply by 5% per minute (12.5MW) reaching full power of 250MW in 10 minutes therefore being an excellent load following power plant. Using this type of plant purely for base load would be irrational.
    •  
      CommentAuthorSteamyTea
    • CommentTimeJul 18th 2011 edited
     
    Posted By: renewablejohnA typical 250MW plant such as Buggenum can operate quite happily at 50% of its output so 125MW when extra power is needed it can increase supply by 5% per minute (12.5MW) reaching full power of 250MW in 10 minutes therefore being an excellent load following power plant

    Need of lot of them working in unison to balance the grid, not that it is impossible,
    When they are ramping how much efficiency do they loose, or to put it another way, how much unnecessary smoke comes out the chimney?

    There is currently 34 GW supplying the grid at the moment
  5.  
    John- I think we are at cross purposes , 22hrs is stated time for furnace to ramp between full temperature and shutdown . I note your example details between 50-100% output. I understand furnace linings are damaged by rapid temperature change which is why fossil fuelled auxiliary burners are employed to mainain steady temperature. Cycling within 50-100% should not be a problem but to provide no-load to full load standby and maintain optimum emissions would to me appear difficult. The plants I have observed requested and were given ok to exceed emissions limits on run-up and closedown, this should mean minimum stop,start pointing to base load operation or am I missing something?
    •  
      CommentAuthorDamonHD
    • CommentTimeJul 18th 2011
     
    Brian: it is not necessary to go from zero to full to provide useful support to the grid.

    There are various tiers of (balancing) support that the National Grid buys for example, from fast (MW/minute slew) downwards. If GB/UK were 100% biomass then given a ratio of very roughly 60% to 100% actual demand on any one day (~3am to ~9am) from the above that would be fine, and over the longer term (ie seasons) we can turn whole plants off to do maintenance etc, which is what happens with nukes for example.

    In a mixed system though, eg balancing wind and solar, much smaller amounts of variability in output is probably fine most of the time.

    Rgds

    Damon
    •  
      CommentAuthorSteamyTea
    • CommentTimeJul 18th 2011
     
    Balancing is usually done though over production i.e. have power available but not supplying the grid, called spinning reserves.
    Still quite amazing how it all works really.
    Would be so much better if you just said to people you can have this much at this time, no more or less.
    48kWh/d challenge anyone:wink:
  6.  
    <blockquote><cite>Posted By: SteamyTea</cite><blockquote><cite>Posted By: renewablejohn</cite>A typical 250MW plant such as Buggenum can operate quite happily at 50% of its output so 125MW when extra power is needed it can increase supply by 5% per minute (12.5MW) reaching full power of 250MW in 10 minutes therefore being an excellent load following power plant</blockquote>
    Need of lot of them working in unison to balance the grid, not that it is impossible,
    When they are ramping how much efficiency do they loose, or to put it another way, how much unnecessary smoke comes out the chimney?

    There is currently 34 GW supplying the grid at the moment</blockquote>

    Why should it loose efficiency when ramping, its only a gas turbine the more gas you put in the more power you get out. The power curve of an alternator does alter with output so efficiency will probably be higher with higher output. Where talking gasification not a wet steam boiler so you will not see any unnecessary smoke coming out the chimney.

    The point of this technology is that you dont need to keep a spinning reserve as output can be matched to demand quite quickly certainly in the timescales of the wind blowing not blowing scenario.


    Brian

    Gasification units normally have either water or thermal oil jackets instead of ceramics so not affected by thermal shock such as you get with ceramics.
  7.  
    Interesting proposition S.T. but can see many practical problems, e.g. at domestic level TV prog schedules impact on power demand( aware this does not apply to you Steamy !) Would phased prog scheduling across UK help or ban TV and I suspect remove many problems. I understand in some Countries they impose strict limit on negotiated capacity provided to each home and that technology is being developed to allow remote control of power usage within your home which would allow centralised peak lopping. Have been involved in demand reduction but it was achieved by voltage reduction at HV level or actual shedding by switch off.
    John- you raise very pertinent points re possibilities in biomass technology but unfortunately the reality in UK is they are not being embraced. Challenge the decision makers and the response is unproven technology although we are aware it is used extensively in other Countries.
    Your comment on use of ceramics reminds of plant where Environment Agency claimed superior ceramic filtration could not be applied due to thermal shock but chose to ignore ceramic furnace linings requiring controlled temperature environment.
    Can only base concerns raised on technology currently applied to bulk of UK biomass projects, it is hoped joined up thinking will prevail in future and move us toward Continental quality but it will require massive change in mindset of decision makers. How do we encourage embracing improved flexibility, minimising pollution and maximising efficiency when UK financial /regulatory approach offers no incentive to improve. Any apparent improvement appears to be accompanied by a get out clause.
    •  
      CommentAuthorSteamyTea
    • CommentTimeJul 18th 2011
     
    John
    A gas turbine will have one peak efficiency point, either side of this it will get gradually less efficient as either the speed rises or falls, the fuel air ratio varies.
    So assuming a fixed speed turbine the only way to vary the torque is to vary the fuel air ratio. This is the same as in an IC engine by either opening the throttle (gasoline) or introducing more fuel (diesel) into the cylinder for ignition.
    So when a turbine ramps up, more air and fuel are introduced, but there is a time lag between throttling up and maximum output. During this phase the efficiency drops. Think of it as accelerating hard in a car, it takes a while to reach the new desired speed but you are pumping in a lot more juice than is needed to maintain that new speed. If you follow a diesel as it accelerated hard you may well notice it reaching the 'smoke limit', this is where adding extra fuel does nothing for performance, it just causes partially and unburnt fuel to come out the tail pipe. Concorde did the same at take off. This video shows it nicely http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79LE4ty_gkM&feature=related

    Do you have a chart for the turbine efficiency at different loads?
  8.  
    SteamyTea

    I agree there is a sweet point for any turbine but your analogy to an IC engine is not strictly correct as the gas turbine is connected on the same shaft to a steam turbine and steam is used for ramping with gas playing catch up so maintaining overall efficiency.

    I will try and dig out some efficiency charts
  9.  
    John- Is it possible to access independently validated performance and emissions data for Buggenum, are there any (obviously unbiased!) links you can recommend please?
    Rgds
    Brian
    • CommentAuthorJoiner
    • CommentTimeJul 19th 2011 edited
     
    I second Brian's request, John. Not as grist to the mill, but as ammo for the artillery because I sense a campaign coming on.

    Buggenum is impressive and, working on the principle that a picture is worth a thousand words, it's about time my MP was given enough firepower to make it worth his while to get off his government Whip ass and start hammering the blinkered LibDems he finds himself in cahoots with to open their eyes to other opportunities than vast swathes of onshore Triffids.

    At last a viable time-buying alternative. But do we have the financial resources and investment-will to build the same here?
  10.  
    Brian

    Most of the independent data for Shell IGCC gasifiers comes from either America (Department of Energy) DOE or China which has built a lot of plants. If you just google Shell gasifier performance and emissions and look for the DOE reports.

    http://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/coalpower/gasification/gasifipedia/6-apps/6-2-6-4_nuon.html

    Joiner

    This report although now a bit dated really brought home to me the uphill struggle in trying to get clean technology onto the agenda and how hard it would be to get rid of the dinosaurs.

    http://www.catf.us/resources/whitepapers/files/200707-CATF_Response_to_MIT_Study.pdf
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeAug 14th 2011
     
    Which fuel do we think will supply the majority of our energy needs this century in the UK then?
    •  
      CommentAuthorSteamyTea
    • CommentTimeAug 14th 2011
     
    Natural Gas, followed by Coal, then Nuclear.
    Reason being that we are already set up for this, I hope that carbon capture and storage is eventually deployed though.
    • CommentAuthorJoiner
    • CommentTimeAug 14th 2011
     
    Clues here Tony, although not followed up by many on the actual thread it appears in...

    http://www.zerocarbonhub.org/resourcefiles/Carbon_Emission_Factors_for_Fuels-methodology_and_values_for_2013_and_2016.pdf

    ...Natural gas being in there, along with biomass - though note John's post at the end of the original thread here... http://www.greenbuildingforum.co.uk/forum114/comments.php?DiscussionID=7681&page=1#Item_19
    • CommentAuthorMartyn1981
    • CommentTimeAug 14th 2011
     
    I know I'm being hopelessly optimistic, but I think that wind and solar will provide a noticeable percentage of energy from 2020 onwards. Hopefully fossil fuels will dramatically decline from 2040 / 50 onwards with large scale alternatives slowly taking over. And then as nuclear fusion kicks in.

    Can't see fusion getting cracked on a commercial scale for at least 30 years, but if it does, surely it will become a complete one horse race for the last 25 to 50 years of the century?

    Fingers crossed

    Martyn
    • CommentAuthorJoiner
    • CommentTimeAug 14th 2011
     
    Unless LENR develops beyond being a subject for endless arguments about its feasibility/viability. Meanwhile, funds that might be better spent on developing such technologies are being thrown at onshore wind to offset the effects of the knee-jerk stopping of investment in nuclear at a time when we really should have been starting to build the stations that would have been coming online now, giving us the breathing space to develop consistent, secure supplies of electricity with a nuclear technology that couldn't be used to scare the children.

    Nor would we now be in such a rush to build the dirtiest biomass plants in Europe, just to meet the letter of an agreement we didn't appreciate the full implications of, the government(s) being driven by profit-hungry corporations who ride roughshod over environmental concerns. I have nothing but admiration for people like John who are trying desperately to open the eyes of ministers, and Brian who keeps pushing away to highlight the health and envionmental implications of current UK regulations.
  11.  
  12.  
    http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/aug/19/windfarm-secret-nuclear-weapon-testing
    Interesting priorities, Are we really at risk of secret nuclear tests in vicinity of UK?:sad:
  13.  
    http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/picture/2011/aug/19/gemasolar-parabolic-power-plant-spain
    Anyone with link to cost/MW ? At least it appears truly clean and green.
  14.  
  15.  
    • CommentAuthorJoiner
    • CommentTimeAug 30th 2011
     
    A solution to the perrenial problem of storing the stuff after it's been generated?

    http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100505113227.htm
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeAug 30th 2011
     
    The efficiency of converting power to gas equals more than 60 percent. "In our opinion, this is definitely better than a total loss," says Michael Specht

    Yes better than total loss but not as good as many existing methods of storing power, my favourite is still smart grids and smart metering
    • CommentAuthorJoiner
    • CommentTimeAug 30th 2011
     
    But then you're not storing it, are you, just moving it around a bit more? It's the excess that's the problem, or perhaps not so much a physical problem as a moral one, of guilt at having to pay generators not to operate because we've got nowhere to stick it all.

    Hang on, did I just say "guilt" at having to pay operators not to generate? Silly me. :wink:
  16.  
    Posted By: JoinerA solution to the perrenial problem of storing the stuff after it's been generated?

    http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100505113227.htm" rel="nofollow" >http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100505113227.htm


    Joiner

    I think there is a lot of mileage in this solution as reflected by the interest shown by Audi in the technology.

    http://www.whatcar.com/car-news/audi-to-harness-power-of-the-wind/257024
    • CommentAuthorJoiner
    • CommentTimeSep 1st 2011
     
    Good stuff, John. And particularly interesting to note the last sentence: "Dr Sterner admits that for now, CNG gas production by this method is uneconomic and will need supporting with subsidies, but he believes that by 2030 up to 30% of global road transport's energy needs could be supplied this way. Ultimately, by using solar-generated electricity as well, gas could be the fuel for all road transport: just 200 square miles of the Sahara desert could create enough solar energy to supply all the power the whole world needs, he says."
   
The Ecobuilding Buzz
Site Map    |   Home    |   View Cart    |   Pressroom   |   Business   |   Links   
Logout    

© Green Building Press