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And whilst a direct comparison cannot be made because the two terms (lumens and watts) refer to totally different things, if you're looking for a replacement bulb in Tesco then the following might help...
Striking how lumen/W efficiency increases considerably, for incandescents, as W goes up. Far from linear. Never knew that. Does anything like that apply to CFLs, LEDs etc?
It does to some extent for CFLs. Small ones with thin tubes and lots of folds are much less efficient than bigger ones with straight tubes. GU10 CFLs are spectacularly inefficient.
LEDs are the reverse. They become slightly less efficient (and less reliable) as they get hotter.
FT: it's also not the same for 110V and 240V so US sites give numbers that are slightly different from what will be true in the UK, AFAIK.
No such thing will apply to LED or CFLs in any straightforward way, I believe, which are effectively constant voltage or constant current devices which have regulated supplies. Though as billt points out, *physical* contraints may have an effect, and also LEDs may be more efficient at very low voltages with no need to step down, and CFLs at higher voltages with no need to step up.
Does temp increase with W? I'da thought the resistance coil just gets longer, so temp remains same but more coil doing the emitting. If temp increases, life must decrease.
Two distinct effects here. It depends whether you are comparing bulbs with different rated wattages, or comparing the same bulb run at two different power levels.
(1) a 150W bulb is more efficient than a 40W if both are run at their rated voltage. This is the phenomenon fostertom noted 4 days ago. I think it is something to do with heat lost by conduction through the filament support wires. Could be complicated, though.
(2) any incandescent bulb, run above its rated voltage, will consume more watts and also emit more lumens per watt, i.e. become more efficient, for the reason CWatters gives. But as fostertom points out, the bulb life is reduced. Conversely, bulbs become hugely inefficient when dimmed. If you want lower lighting in a room, it's more efficient to turn off some of the lights altogether, than to turn them all down with a dimmer.
You might like to think about the claim commonly made by manufacturers, that dimmers 'save energy'. Justified, or not?
Oh and by the way - thanks, marktime and Joiner, for those links.
But please, everyone, when reading http://www.brillianz.co.uk/data/documents/Lumen.pdf do remember that LED technology has advanced greatly since 2006 when the document was written.
Yup looks like 100W/lm is now the minimum LED target to be achieved before purchase when just 6 months ago I was happy with a stretch target of 80-90 ish.