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Green Building Bible, Fourth Edition
Green Building Bible, fourth edition (both books)
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    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 18th 2025 edited
     
    Re-opening an old topic on GBF, looks like undeniable facts at last - woodburning (as well as burning anything at all to keep warm and washed) should be a no-no, and can only be considered practically harmless as a tiny proportion of users, and only in open countryside, and only by burning harvested-by-hand/electric chainsaw local hedges and fallers (i.e. no diesel, no chawing up the forest floor).

    https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/apr/18/map-residential-wood-burning-england-wales
    https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/9231a18627b94b3a80e4f33fb3b4a9fd

    Could spend a week mastering the various interesting ways the data is presented. Some here on GBF no doubt will - their usually insightful analysis is awaited.
    • CommentAuthorowlman
    • CommentTimeApr 18th 2025
     
    Are we sure we want to poke this fire :bigsmile:...........again
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 18th 2025
     
    Depends what GBF is these days - if it's 'how to save a bob on my gas bill' then no; if it's a forum at the cutting edge of 'how to halt, then reverse global climate emergency and ecological breakdown', then it's high time to pool our skills, use facts, creatively invent effective policy and action, and take an updating position on same.
    •  
      CommentAuthordjh
    • CommentTimeApr 18th 2025
     
    Aside: I see the Grauniad now has a cookie policy that I think is illegal. They can't offer a choice of cookies depending on a subscription AFAIK. Anyway, I haven't read that. But the other link is interesting.

    It does seem to say that wood-burners are often a lifestyle choice and implies that choice is based on a mistaken understanding of the world. So lets hope the view gains some traction, and leads to some people reviewing their lifestyle choices.

    It's marginally interesting to note that the data isn't complete; the available data set is only those houses where the owners have agreed to make the EPC public (by default).
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 18th 2025 edited
     
    Posted By: djhthe data isn't complete
    but can an educated hunch decide whether it's representative?
  1.  
    For most a wood burner will be a life style choice, although sitting in a room with an air wash doored wood stove of a winters evening is IMO so much nicer than sitting in the same room with a hot radiator !!!

    For my part the CH is done with a wood gasifying boiler supplied from my own forest which is overseen by the forestry commission. The wood is cut using a petrol chain saw 'cos you can't use an electric saw 500m + from the nearest plug and a battery one would not be up to the task. Wood is removed from the forest with a tractor on forest tracks and I am only allowed to go into the forest in the winter in suitable ground conditions.

    I am outside a rural village with the nearest neighbour 500m away and the village about 2km distant. Mains gas is not an option and bottled gas and oil is way too expensive.

    As was said at one time both wood burning and diesel engines were seen as 'less bad', now that view has changed but I have both, a diesel Land Rover 30 years old and the CH boiler along with a masonry stove for the spring/autumn. The Land Rover does what my EV won't - heavy dirty work, about 3000 km/ year.

    For the future when the boiler gives up (or I do) then it's a heat pump run on PV. If the Land Rover gave up then I would probably have to get an equivalent - until then I will keep both burning.

    I don't see the point of throwing out machines that are serviceable and working as designed.

    Of course if you want to discuss diesel SUVs doing the urban school run or wood burning stoves in chic Battersea flats then that's a different matter.

    I recall a topic some time back " Smoke Nuisance is wood wood? " started by Mikeee5 that showed up the appalling lack of smoke control and enforcement in urban environments - this needs sorting !!
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 19th 2025
     
    Sounds like you do tick the box for
    Posted By: fostertomonly in open countryside, and only by burning harvested-by-hand/electric chainsaw local hedges and fallers (i.e. no diesel, no chawing up the forest floor)
    Chainsaw - are you sure
    Posted By: Peter_in_Hungarya battery one would not be up to the task
    AFAIK they really are, nowadays - at a price.
    Posted By: Peter_in_HungaryI am only allowed to go into the forest in the winter in suitable ground conditions
    is interesting - am I right you are actually in Hungary, overseen by that 'forestry commission'? I wonder what equiv enlightened oversight there is in UK.
  2.  
    Posted By: fostertomam I right you are actually in Hungary, overseen by that 'forestry commission'?

    Yes, "Peter_in_Hungary" is actually in Hungary
    My restrictions are a bit more than most as some of our forest has liverwort (protected plant here) growing on the forest floor so our working time ends 1 month earlier than most (end of Feb.). And we have to put in an annual plan for prior approval which includes inspection.

    Posted By: fostertom
    a battery one would not be up to the task
    AFAIK they really are, nowadays - at a price.

    3 hours work with logs up to 30cm dia is a lot of battery !!
    • CommentAuthorowlman
    • CommentTimeApr 19th 2025
     
    The tree guys I know do use battery chainsaws. The dedicated "climbers" use them because of their ease and safety when perched high up. Usually they are small one handed jobs hanging from a harness. For forestry felling and ground trimming it's still 2 stroke.
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 19th 2025 edited
     
    <blockquote><cite>Posted By: Peter_in_Hungary</cite>3 hours work with logs up to 30cm dia is a lot of battery !!</blockquote>Spare batteries? AFAIK e.g. National Trust/Stihl are well on the way to switching to battery tools incl chainsaws.
    https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/who-we-are/our-partners/gardening-sustainably-with-stihl
    • CommentAuthorrevor
    • CommentTimeApr 19th 2025
     
    I have a Makita electric chainsaw 1300w. I use a rechargeable battery power station if extension does not reach. It will run for over an hour if powered continuously, but as one is not running the saw continuously it lasts at least a couple of hours by which time I will have had enough. Recharge overnight on cheap tariff. Gets used on other mains stuff around the house as well. Also have a petrol 2 stroke chainsaw which does not get used, me and 2 stroke do not get on. On my petrol machines which are now all 4 stroke have switched to Aspen fuel more expensive than standard petrol but I don't get hassle of dosing with additive and it going off on storage between use.

    https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/who-we-are/our-partners/gardening-sustainably-with-stihl

    I did consider stihl battery powered and they look ok for gardening type items and they have a good pedigree but every season I harvest a strip of miscanthus and need a powerful brush-cutter with blade to cut that.
  3.  
    TBF the fuel consumed by a chainsaw is a trivial amount, compared to driving there in a pickup truck.

    The biggest source of particle pollution is NOx, which reacts in sunlight to make fine particles. The biggest source of NOx emissions in London is now from gas boilers (following reductions from buses and cars). The solution is to get rid of gas boilers and cookersand replace with heat pumps and induction stoves.

    But this chain involves too much atmospheric chemistry and not enough class envy to be explained in the G these days :-(.

    So wood stoves get lots of criticism because they are visually smoky and tend to be in affluent areas in cities.

    https://www.theengineer.co.uk/content/news/gas-boilers-main-contributor-to-nox-in-central-london/
    • CommentAuthorJonti
    • CommentTimeApr 19th 2025
     
    I use a wood burning stove for all my heating. The wood comes from my own woodland and is felled with a 2 stroke chainsaw, split by hand and transported by a wheelbarrow to the house. I live out in the wilds of the Scottish Highland so no mains gas though I believe gas is not such a good choice anyway. Electrical heating is far too expensive to use. Basically, a wood burning stove is the only option available except for oil.

    For me wood is neutral as a fuel source and the fine particles are not really an issue given my location. Having said that I would much prefer to use electric for the convenience if it were economically viable as I wouldn't have all the work involved.
    •  
      CommentAuthordjh
    • CommentTimeApr 19th 2025 edited
     
    Posted By: WillInAberdeenThe biggest source of particle pollution is NOx, which reacts in sunlight to make fine particles. The biggest source of NOx emissions in London is now from gas boilers (following reductions from buses and cars). The solution is to get rid of gas boilers and cookersand replace with heat pumps and induction stoves.

    But this chain involves too much atmospheric chemistry and not enough class envy to be explained in the G these days :-(.

    So wood stoves get lots of criticism because they are visually smoky and tend to be in affluent areas in cities.
    TBF there isn't a conflict there. London is a large city. The original article Tom quoted said that the main problem with wood burners is outside large cities. So finding the main problem in London is due to gas boilers is not a contradiction, especially given that the conclusion is reached due to the ULEZ zone that doesn't exist in many other places.
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2025 edited
     
    That's right - in fact the article and maps show that in the 'smokeless' zones of cities esp London, woodburning is not the problem - but from the edge of the controlled zone outward - i.e. the densely populated suburbs - there's big woodburning problem.
    • CommentAuthorCerisy
    • CommentTimeApr 21st 2025
     
    I designed our passivhaus self-build here in rural Normandy back in 2010 and included a small (2-3kw) wood burning stove. No central heating so just electric heaters as back-up. The wood comes from the local guys who harvest the hedgerows, etc. Last delivery of 5 stere - around 5 cu m - cost under 300€ and will normally last us 3 years. I do have to cut the wood to 25cm long to fit in the stove using mainly my chop saw or the petrol chain saw for the larger lumps! Being a rural area virtually our neighbours depend on burning wood.

    I am looking after my wife who has dementia and will have an A/C unit fitted in the next few weeks to heat or cool the two main room as she has started to play with the stove, adding wood when not required or placing it dangerously, so I’ll stop using it and place a light in there with red paper to fool her!! I’ll also fit PV panels to power the A/C or the electric car otherwise! If I did another self-build with the knowledge we now have on harmful emissions I’d go for electric heating units and benefit from the low prices we enjoy!!
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 24th 2025
     
    •  
      CommentAuthordjh
    • CommentTimeApr 24th 2025
     
    fostertom said "Gor blimey" in response to https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/apr/24/wood-burning-stoves-new-build-homes-england

    Seems an appropriate reaction! Does anybody know of any petition or whatever or is it just a case of writing to our MPs?
  4.  
    That 'news' article is about a proposal published in the English FHS consultation in December 2023... which is still the newest news they have on the subject, because there's still no gov response about what they plan to do with that consultation.


    Meanwhile in Scottish Building Standards, wood stoves were banned in the April 2024 heating regs update.

    They were then allowed again, in the November update.


    https://www.gov.scot/news/wood-burning-stoves-to-be-permitted-in-new-homes/
    •  
      CommentAuthordjh
    • CommentTimeApr 24th 2025
     
    Posted By: WillInAberdeenThat 'news' article is about a proposal published in the English FHS consultation in December 2023... which is still the newest news they have on the subject
    It's about a letter published by the SIA, and presumably a copy of which was sent to them (or otherwise passed) recently.
  5.  
    A letter in which the govt reminds the SIA about a proposal that was made public in December 2023.
  6.  
    Incidentally:

    Why would the SIA put out a press release saying the govt wrote to them a month ago to refer them to a consultation it ran in 2023, as though this is some kind of official govt announcement?

    Why would the G publish the press release, as though it were a news article, but without getting confirmation or a quote from anyone in govt?

    Spin beats substance, these days...
  7.  
    And also incidentally:

    The 2023 consultation said "performance requirements are based on notional buildings with an efficient air source heat pump [as the main heat source]... the standards proposed are also unlikely to allow the installation of biofuel systems, including wood"

    The SIA press release frames this as: "wood will be allowed as a secondary heat source".
  8.  
    And also also incidentally:

    Coal/gas/oil/LPG and resistance electric would similarly not meet the 2023 consultation for the main heating system. But they are ok as secondary heat sources, it gives the example of "decorative" heaters.

    As those decorative heat sources consume more Primary Energy than the notional ASHP, they will be added to the building Primary Energy Rate. So as compensation the designer will need to add more insulation or PV, to get back down within the spec of the notional building.

    The press release and newspaper article don't seem to mention this...

    I'll stop adding incidentallys now.
    •  
      CommentAuthordjh
    • CommentTimeApr 24th 2025
     
    Posted By: WillInAberdeenThe SIA press release frames this as: "wood will be allowed as a secondary heat source".
    The SIA press release quotes a letter from the government on April 2 that they say says: "Under the standards proposed in the
    consultation, a wood burning stove would be permitted as a secondary heating source in new
    homes."

    So it appears that the government has changed its mind, and hence my question about petitions.
  9.  
    Nope, there was nothing in the 2023 consultation about wood no longer being allowed for decorative heating, in fact the consultation laid out the arithmetic for accounting its Primary Energy contribution when burning it that way.

    Wood has never been banned, the govt reminds the SIA of this, the SIA presents this as a govt u-turn, the G prints it as a sensation.
  10.  
    Just so everyone is clear...?

    The 2023 consultation said that the main (primary) heating system must be an ASHP, or something with primary energy use as good as an ASHP.

    - That would exclude gas, oil, wood, biomass, electric resistance etc as primary heating.

    - They will all still be allowed as secondary heat sources, for example "decorative" heaters, if their consumption is balanced by improvement somewhere else. This is what govt reminded SIA about.
    •  
      CommentAuthorfostertom
    • CommentTimeApr 25th 2025 edited
     
    Thanks Will, and thank you Guardian in its mission to keep us eco-building designers on our toes!

    So this was the 2023 consultation on the proposed Future Homes Standard, then intended for 2025 introduction, and this maybe the first indication of what govt is deciding to impliment?

    Presumably the calcs for extra insulation etc, to compensate for emissions from such means of 'secondary' heating, will be integrated into the proposed Home Energy Model replacement for glitchy SAP, which will form part of FHS. Let's hope HEM will be at last as realistic and reliable as the PH spreadsheet is, and unlike SAP will have some good excuse for existing as a parallel/duplication of PH.

    Anyone know how FHS will relate to Building Regs? Hopefully integrated into a new update of BRegs?

    If so, that HEM will also be more strongly mandated than SAP is, for conversion/extension as well as newbuild, while at the same time being much more easily and inexpensively accessible than SAP, for which a 'qualified' consultant has to be paid.
    • CommentAuthorArtiglio
    • CommentTimeApr 25th 2025
     
    From the info put up by WIA, does it look as though there’s a realisation that “secondary heating” has a place , in that it will then no longer be necessary to design the primary heating source to cover all eventualities. Ie, your main system designed to cope for 90% of the year, a secondary source for the 10% of colder days? Would this improve the take up of heat pump adoption? No longer the need for a system sized for existing properties that makes it uneconomical.
    A family member went down the RHI route of a pellet boiler, this ended up being sized at 40kw to cover the coldest temps as required by the scheme, the house had 3 woodstoves ( very rural) and there was no allowance for these, had there have been then the boiler would have been sized at 25kw.
  11.  
    Tom, FHS is the next update of Building Regs AD L, the building regs about heating.

    HEM is the next major update of SAP. (Previously named "SAP version 11"). Might be released in usable format in 2027 or 28, so that's when FHS can happen.

    Building regs will continue to use HEM/SAP to calculate everything.

    Building regs will continue to set out a "notional building" spec. You can still build to that spec without doing much calc, or you can choose to tweak the spec up here and down there and do HEM calcs to show your design is as good as the "notional" spec.

    The notional spec has reasonable insulation U=0.11 to 0.18 and ASHP. The consultation asked whether it should also have PV MHRV WWHR AT etc.



    Building Regs today are about saving carbon, but that'll be less important in FHS because the notional spec will be ASHP which is low carbon anyway. The main metric will become Primary Energy. The Scottish regs have dropped carbon limits altogether.

    ASHPs and onsite solar use less Primary Energy than gas/oil/coal/wood, which use less Primary Energy than grid electric. So you're nudged towards ASHP heating, the other options are not explicitly banned, but will find it very difficult to match the Primary Energy target. Will still be ok as secondary heat sources, if other Primary Energy savings can be found elsewhere in the design.

    Going off topic here and frustrated that I can't edit posts to add thoughts, so sorry for multiple posts!
   
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