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Green Building Bible, Fourth Edition
Green Building Bible, fourth edition (both books)
These two books are the perfect starting place to help you get to grips with one of the most vitally important aspects of our society - our homes and living environment.

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  1.  
    Hi all

    New to this so bare with me. I have moved into an old house which has been neglected in the art of protection from heat loss. I am keen to reduce my carbon footprint and have done all the usual - insulate the loft, insulate the extension roof, draught proofing doors, double glazing and cavity wall isulation. I still have an unresolved issue and could do with some advice - or ideas to implement next.

    I have insulated the lot which accounts for the flat part of the ceiling in the upstairs rooms, but part of the ceiling is sloped and makes up of some of the external roof. It's still loosing a considerable amount of heat from here. A diagram will explain this best - please see attachment.

    The red bit represents the insulation I have already put down in the loft. There is a cavity that I would like to fill to prevent the heat loss demonstrated but it is very difficult to get access to - narrow - about 20cm by 50 - 60 cm - the gap between the joists of the roofing structure, and seemingly about 2 metres in length (about as far down as I can see). I have tried pushing down 10 cm thick polystyrene boards but it's very difficult, they keep getting caught and there are things down there that prevent pushing - it's not been very effective.

    My last idea would be to tumble down polystyrene balls until full (I remember years ago my dad had his cavity wall insulation done with these). A concern is if this space needs ventilation but more importantly I have no idea where in the UK to get hold of a substantial quantity of these balls cheaply - the only avenue I have at the moment is bean bag fillers ata cost of £20 per 6 cu ft.

    Does anyone have any suggestions?
    • CommentAuthorworkaholic
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007 edited
     
    Cut two strips of hardboard slightly narrower than the distance between the joists. Ensure you can slide them down the gap. Make a sandwich of hardboard strip, Rockwall (thickness to suit gap), hardboard strip. Smooth side of hardboard inwards. Feed the sandwich down the gap and then extract the two strips of hardboard to use again.
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    Welcome

    We ahve the same thing.

    You need to be sure that you leave a 50mm gap between the top surface of your insulation and the internal side of you tiles.

    What we are doing is pulling down the plaster & lath (in our case) fixing battens 50mm deep on the joists (our joists are only 100mm deep) cutting PUR board (kingspan/cellotex/ecotherm etc better insulating than polystyrene) to tighly fit the space between joists; which is not as easy as it sounds. The fit plasterboard with foam backing over the top. It is messy & destructive but will deal with draughts and provide some protection from cold spots due to the joists (you will find a lot of talk about cold bridging in these parts).

    There is more detail than this but this gives you a flavour.

    S.
    • CommentAuthorken davis
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    in architectural jargon the sloping part is called a skeiling. insulation of this is a common problem and has been covered a number of times on this site. as above, you must leave a ventilation gap of 50mm or equal, what i have done is to push down lengths of foam pipe insulation until the space is filled completely as this provides its own ventilation.
    you can, of course, also add to the underside of the existing skeiling with battens/cross-battens to you desired thickness, fill with insulation of your choice, and plasterboard over. as the eaves is a point of major heat loss in normal i.e right angled ceilings, one solution is to create a false skeiling in to the right angle and insulate inside this. this forms an attractive coffered ceiling effect (but might be oppressive in small rooms).
    another method of filling the skeiling void might be to break up re-covered polystyrene packing into largish chunks (say 50mm uneven) and drop/push into the gap, this would insulate and ventilate but in a less certain way.
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    Ken?? what is the point of ventilated insulation? if cold winds can blow into or through it then it will be a waste of time and effort and it is not insulating properly.
    • CommentAuthorken davis
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    its what is called a compromise, sometimes the only way.
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    Ken I think that is a compromise too far

    I would start where I did:

    Simple compromises which improve things a bit...

    1. add a layer of plaster board to the inside (nudges U value).
    2. Add PUR backed plasterboard to inside (moves U value noticably but part L a distant dream).

    Mess/destructive but better results...

    1. what I wrote above (as near to part L as practical/as I can afford)!
    2. Add greater depth to joists & put bigger thickness of insulation between rafters deeper layer of backed plasterboard over the top (if headroom/roomsize not compromised too madly - we would have to duck to get into our bedrooms).

    Not for the feignt hearted!...

    Re roof with great slabs of insulation between and over rafters (the only way to get sarking sorted properly but seriously costly & you have to move out for weeks).
    • CommentAuthorhowdytom
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    Is there a legal requirement for a 50mm air gap. it always seem excessive to me
    tom
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    Don't know

    But it is cited absolutely everywhere (or it is 25mm if you use 'breathable' sarking?).

    Please PLEASE don't tell me I could have used 75mm (I've got my fingers in my ears and my eyes closed).
    • CommentAuthorchuckey
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    Polystyrene beads can be bought from Sheffield insulation by the Cu. m. I would not reccomend using them for this application, because of their size (~4mm diam.) and their lightness, they will blow about and constantly find their way out on to the street or front garden.
    I have cogitated on this problem too. The big problem is that the top of your lathe and plaster ceiling is as rough as old boots, complete with some nails that have missed their target and are sticking up into the void. I was thinking of using Workaholics technique with a foil type insulation. I think that it will be difficults to extricate the hardboard bits without pulling out the GF. Also you can't hold the end of your GF while someone else pulls the HB away. Hopefully the foil will "slip" out between the hardboard and some can hold the lower end (or tack it some where convenient). Trouble is it'll cost me £200+ to buy one roll, just to try out a 2m strip.
    Frank
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 5th 2007
     
    No real issues with workaholics workaround (apologies) but the stray nail, odd noggin and in my case old wasp nests ( I've come across 5 or 6 impressive big ones and numerous hibernacula/starter nests so far - knackered soffits) as well as the real danger of not getting a good contact between plasterboard/lath may leave all the effort a bit colander like in terms of insulation.

    I'd think really carefully about how for you need/ want to go with regard to your budget but be aware of the short comings of which ever method you employ.

    Read the monumental foil thread (there is, I believe, a medal if you make it all the way through). From what I gathered it is sensitive to how it is installed and if there is the slightest danger of gaps/lack of good contact between foil sheets my inclination would be not to use it (this last is much the same for all methods).

    The basics are that the insulation should be a tight fit agaist the warm side. Any gaps/areas without insulation will lose heat a disproportionate rate c/w when there was no insulation (infra red shows hot spots) reducing the benefit of well fitted insulation elsewhere. If your insulation allows convection/air flows to accur it is rendered useless at worse or not brilliant at best.

    Please ask even what you regard to dosey questions, there are others here much more qualified to help than I am.

    S.
    • CommentAuthorJeff B
    • CommentTimeDec 6th 2007
     
    Nebuchadnezzar - I have exactly the same problem as you except that I have a dormer bungalow so the area of sloping ceiling is much greater.There are 50 mm thick slabs of Celotex between the rafters in the sloping part of the roof already witha 50 mm airgap above; however I am not convinced that these are a good fit, as occasionally a slab will slide down into the attic space either side of the dwarf bedroom walls! I intend to counterbatten across the existing sloping ceiling with 50 mm x 50 mm timber, put in Rockwool batts and put new plasterboard on top. This way avoids having to take down the old ceiling, which strikes me as a particularly messy thing to do. Obviously this method will reduce the headspace a bit but the rooms are so big I don't think it is a concern, especially as they are only bedrooms.
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 6th 2007
     
    Hello Jeff

    I'm in the dormer club too.

    If your cellotex is falling down then the slabs were probably shoved up from below and are obviously not a tight push fit, which they need to be the be properly effective. Also if you have plaster and lath, as I do, you are invitably left with an air gap between your insulation and your ceiling which reduces the effectiness even further. It may be that your cellotex is not doing a great deal of good! I would be inclined to ignor it in your consideration of how much insulation to fit.

    Taking down the old ceilings is very messy (I'm doing it) but the onlyway to get the insulation in properly and to tape up the joins between slabs. It also allows you to line the ceiling with insulation backed plasterboard which, amoungst other things, helps reduce the effect of cold bridging by the joists.

    If you have plenty of headroom & your door is not up tight against the slope consider foam backed plasterboard as it gives better insulation for a smaller thickness than rockwool. You can also get a uniform thickness of insulation all over the ceiling. Another potential benefit is that you can get faom laminated onto the bevel edged plasterboard which makes finishing easier and less messy as long as your short end joins are good.

    S.
    • CommentAuthorJeff B
    • CommentTimeDec 6th 2007
     
    Skywalker - many thanks for your comments. Yes, as I said I suspect that the Celotex in the sloping roof part may not be brilliant, because if it were a good fit it would not be slipping down. However I do have a plasterboard ceiling rather than lath & plaster.

    The reason for proposing using Rockwool slabs was because I was going to choose one of their "acoustic" slab range as these apparently have almost as good U values as the straightforward thermal stuff but have the advantage of cutting down noise. When it rains and/or the wind blows here it is very audible in the bedrooms in the dormer, the noise being exacerbated by the two large Velux windows in each of the two upstairs bedrooms and one on the landing! Do you think that the foam backed plasterboard would have the same sound-deadening effect? (BTW: What brand of f/b p/board are you using?).

    Would it be a good idea to use the f/b p/board on the dwarf walls too? The back of these currently has 50 mm Celotex wedged between the uprights but of course there is a massive purlin running across the tops of these with probably significant amounts of cold-bridging going on.

    I am in the process of making some mock-ups for what will effectively be triple glazing for the Velux windows i.e. clear acrylic sheet in a timber frame which will fit just inside the window reveal. I want to see if this will make much difference to both the rain noise and heat loss!

    Jeff B.
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeDec 7th 2007
     
    Why not use glass inside the roof windows 6mm i would suggest and have it toughened too. Will give better sound deadening.

    Noise comes in through gaps and cracks best so have a good go at them all. The plasterboard will do far more than any insulation will.

    Probably better to use normal quilt rather than accoustic in terms of energy saving.
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 7th 2007
     
    I've not looked into sound proofing & have limited knowledge to share on it, I'll leave that to others (I also like the sound of the wind & rain!).

    Depending on how your velux windows were installed I would be more concerned about how well they have been thermally insulated. I'm installing a couple as I move round the roof and unless carefull attention is paid to properly insulating around the frame/under the flashing these could represent localised significant heat loss. The noise you get could be transmitting through the flashing with nothing but air between the aluminium and your plasterboard.

    If you are insulating the inside of your room you do not need to worry about the purlin. In my case I have desided to make my entire eaves space 'warm' as we use it for storage and it is effectively part of the upstairs rooms anyway (doors in the wall). Also it is the space above a significant part of our downstairs rooms so rather than insulate the eaves floor and the the back of the wall below our purlins (& trying to get all the joins right) I have opted for between & over rafter insulation from the wall to the ceiling of the room. All I'm doing is running the boards above the purlin continuously and joining the plasterboard/insulation laminated boards to the purlin tightly (fast & dirty photoshop pic attached) using foam/plaster for airtigntness & relying on the mass of the purlin to counter bridging.

    I'm using normal kingspan for between rafter and the plasterbaord laminate is put together by my local insulation suppliers as Kingspan want you to use their new roofboard stuff which is pricey. All I have found is that I need to do a small cut along the edges to get them properly square for a good join although in practice I have to cut everything as I am fitting into the existing woodwork. If you are using battens you won't have to faff about like this. I'm not sure that there is any material difference between the different brands on the market (others may know more) just make sure it is the same kind of foam (same technical U value).

    If you have the headroom rockwool is cheaper I think but bear in mind that with cellotex/kingspan you will only need about 1/2 the thickness for the same level of insulation (& it is much nicer to work with). If you want to be green have a look at thermafleece which is in a different planet in terms of carbon footprint BUT also in terms of price.

    Hope this helps (& my picture works!)

    S.
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 7th 2007 edited
     
    2nd try on picture failed.

    How do you do that?

    Ah Safari problem!
    • CommentAuthorJeff B
    • CommentTimeDec 7th 2007
     
    Tony - thank you for your comments. The reason for choosing clear plastic rather than glass for the extra glazing is simply weight. The Velux windows are 1200 x 1200 mm square and are built into the sloping ceiling (which is at about 45 degrees). Hence it is extremely difficult to put anything too heavy into the reveal or attached around the edge of the reveal, particularly as I want the extra glazing to be demountable in the summer months. A further complication is that the upper half of the Velux window swings into the room when you open it so nothing can be inserted in the reveal itself (I know that sounds contradictory to the previous sentence but there will be some days in the early spring/late autumn when it would be nice to be able to open the window during the day when the heating is off as it gets "stuffy" upstairs).

    The acoustic variety of Rockwool is denser than the thermal which is presumably why it is more effective at noise insulation and is only marginally less effective thermally. Skywalker has suggested that I use foam backed plasterboard instead, so I'm having a think about that now.

    Jeff B.
    • CommentAuthorJeff B
    • CommentTimeDec 7th 2007
     
    Skywalker - thanks for your comments. I take your point about insulation (or lack of it) around the Velux window frames. I will try to take a look down the rafters from the upper attic space and see what I can see. I think long term we will probably change the Velux windows for mini-dormers as this would hopefully reduce noise and improve thermal insulation if we put some decent double glazing in them and get plenty of insulation in the framework. Recently I was quoted £10,000 to replace just the three large Velux windows, so needless to say we did not rush into this!

    I also debated about whether the space behind the dwarf wall ought to be a warm space as you have opted for. Our bungalow is an L shape with the lounge in the short part of the L. Nevertheless it is quite a large area (about 24 sq.m.) and the attic space above is virtually unusable because there is no sensible access, hence we have opted to go the cold attic route all around. This is why I need to increase the insulation on the dwarf walls and also behind the little doors which provide access into the attic space.

    I like the idea of the foam backed plasterboard. I could then put up slimmer counterbattens (25 x 50 mm) before installing this and could put a small amount of additional insulation between the battens too e.g. 25 mm Celotex. I need to check how effective the foam would be in reducing noise. Alternatively I could stick with 50 mm of insulation between 50 x 50 mm battens and use plain plasterboard. I need to look at the costings. It is unlikely that I will find a local insulation company like yours in this part of the world (extreme tip of west Wales).

    Re: Thermafleece. Whilst I am trying to be green here, cost implications are significant as I have recently retired!

    Jeff B
    • CommentAuthorskywalker
    • CommentTimeDec 7th 2007
     
    I used Warren insulation as the they have a depot I can collect from just down the road and they were cheaper than other local companies. There must be a similar company in Swansea of Llanelli etc that could do the same thing or supply you with whatever you go for much cheaper than a normal builders yard/B&Q and deliver as well.
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